The Principal Errors of Vatican II
This document exposes the heresies (and
other errors) found in following documents of Vatican II (or at least those
statements which can be given a heretical interpretation):
This document exposes the principal heresies of Vatican II in their
complete contexts, which leaves those who would presume to defend Vatican
II with no excuse. Many
of the heresies exposed in this document have not, to our knowledge, been
exposed in any other piece written on Vatican II.
Most of this document corresponds to what is contained in our new
video
Heresies by Document
1.
Unitatis Redintegratio
- the Decree on Ecumenism.
Unitatis
Redintegratio
# 1:
"Yet
almost all, though in different ways, long for the one visible
At the very beginning of its decree on ecumenism, Vatican II teaches
that almost everyone longs for a truly universal Church whose mission is
to convert the world to the Gospel.
What is the truly universal Church whose mission is to convert the
world to the Gospel? It
is the Roman Catholic Church, of course, which alone is the one true
pope
John Paul II, Homily, Dec. 5, 1996, speaking of prayer with non-Catholics:"When
we pray together, we do so with the longing 'that there may be one visible
Church of God, a Church truly universal and sent forth to the
whole world that the world may be converted to the Gospel and so be saved,
to the glory of God' (Unitatis Redintegratio,
1.)."[2]
Here
we see that John Paul II himself confirms that the longing for the one,
visible
Unitatis
redintegratio
(# 4):
"Nevertheless,
the divisions among Christians prevent the Church from realizing in
practice the fullness of Catholicity proper to her, in those of her
sons and daughters who, though attached to her by baptism, are yet separated
from full communion with her.
Furthermore, the Church herself finds it more difficult to express
in actual life her full Catholicity in all its bearings."[3]
Here, in #4 of the same decree on ecumenism, Vatican II denies that
the
"Cardinal"
Joseph Ratzinger, On Vatican II's
teaching on the Church: "Thus the Council Fathers meant to say
that the being of the Church as such is a broader entity than the Roman
Catholic Church..."[4]
Therefore, if Vatican II's decree on ecumenism
denies that the Roman Catholic Church is the universal Church of Christ
(which it does) by longing for such a Church to exist, it follows
logically that Vatican II would also teach that"the
Church" (i.e., the universal Catholic Church) is not able to fully
realize its "Catholicity/Universality", due to "divisions
among Christians." In
other words, according to the clear teaching of
All of this is definite confirmation that Vatican II taught that
heretical and schismatic sects make up the
Pope
Clement VI, Super quibusdam,
"We
ask: In the first place, whether you and the Church of the Armenians which
is obedient to you, believe that all those who in baptism have received
the same Catholic faith, and afterwards have withdrawn and will withdraw
in the future from the communion of THIS SAME ROMAN CHURCH, WHICH ONE
ALONE IS CATHOLIC, are schismatic and heretical, if they remain obstinately
separated from the faith of this Roman Church."[5]
Pope
Leo XIII, Satis Cognitum
(# 9),
"The
practice of the Church has always been the same, as is shown by the unanimous
teaching of the Fathers, who were wont to hold as outside Catholic communion,
AND ALIEN TO THE CHURCH, WHOEVER WOULD RECEDE IN THE LEAST DEGREE FROM
ANY POINT OF DOCTRINE PROPOSED BY HER AUTHORITATIVE MAGISTERIUM."[6]
Moving
along, we come to # 3 of Vatican II's decree
on ecumenism.
Unitatis
redintegratio
# 3:
"Moreover
some, and even most, of the significant elements and endowments which together
go to build up and give life to the Church itself, can exist outside
the visible boundaries of the Catholic Church: the written word of
God; the life of grace; faith, hope and charity, with the other
interior gifts of the Holy Spirit, and visible elements too."[7]
Here we discover more blatant heresy in # 3 of the Decree of ecumenism.
It bluntly asserts that the life of grace exists outside the visible
boundaries of the Catholic Church.
This is directly contrary to the solemn teaching of Pope Boniface
VIII in the ex cathedra Bull Unam
Sanctam.
Pope
Boniface VIII, Unam Sanctam,
"With
Faith urging us we are forced to believe and to hold the one, holy, Catholic
Church and that, apostolic, and we firmly believe and simply confess
this Church outside of which there is no salvation nor remission
of sin, the Spouse in the Canticle proclaiming: 'One is my dove,
my perfect one."[8]
Vatican II has rejected the dogma that there is no remission of
sin outside the Catholic Church, by asserting that one can possess the
life of grace (which includes the remission of sins) outside the Catholic
Church. And there is even
more in the same section of the decree on ecumenism.
Unitatis
redintegratio
(# 3):
"It
follows that these separated churches and communities as such, though we
believe them to be deficient in some respects, have by no means been deprived
of significance and importance in the mystery of salvation.
For the Spirit of Christ has not refrained from using them as
means of salvation whose efficacy comes from that fullness of grace
and truth which has been entrusted to the Catholic Church."[9]
This is one of
Pope
Leo XIII, Satis Cognitum
(# 9),
Pope
Pius X, Editae saepe
(# 29),
Pope
Eugene IV, Council of Florence, "Cantate
Domino," 1441, ex cathedra:
"The
Holy Roman Church firmly believes, professes and preaches that all those
who are outside the Catholic Church, not only pagans but also Jews or heretics
and schismatics, cannot share in eternal
life and will go into the everlasting fire which was prepared for the
devil and his angels, unless they are joined to the Church before the end
of their lives ..."[12]
Vatican II also teaches in its decree on ecumenism that non-Catholics
bear witness to Christ by shedding their blood.
Unitatis
redintegratio
# 4:
"On
the other hand, Catholics must gladly acknowledge and esteem the truly
Christian endowments which derive from our common heritage and which are
to be found among our separated brothers and sisters.
It is right and salutary to recognize the riches of Christ and the
virtuous deeds in the lives of others who bear witness to Christ, even
at times to the shedding of their blood."[13]
This paragraph clearly means that there are saints and martyrs for
Christ in non-Catholic Churches, a heresy of Vatican II that pope John
Paul II has repeated and expanded upon countless times.
pope John Paul II,
Ut Unum Sint
(# 1),
"The courageous
witness of so many martyrs of our century, including members of Churches
and Ecclesial Communities not in full communion with the Catholic Church,
gives new vigor to the Council's call and reminds us of our duty to listen
to and put into practice its exhortation."[14]
pope John Paul II, Ut Unum Sint
(# 84),
"Albeit in an
invisible way, the communion between our Communities, even if still incomplete,
is truly and solidly grounded in the full communion of the saints - those
who, at end of a life faithful to grace, are in communion with Christ in
glory. These saints
come from all the Churches and Ecclesial Communities which gave them entrance
into the communion of salvation."[15]
The Catholic Church teaches dogmatically that outside the Church
there are no Christian martyrs.
Pope
Pelagius II, epistle (2) Dilectionis vestrae,
585:
"Those
who were not willing to be at agreement in the Church of God, cannot remain
with God; although given over to flames and fires, they burn, or thrown
to wild beasts, they lay down their lives, there will not be for them that
crown of faith, but the punishment of faithlessness, not a glorious result
(of religious virtue), but the ruin of despair.
Such a one can be slain, he cannot be crowned."[16]
Pope
Eugene IV, Council of
"...
no one, whatever almsgiving he has practiced, even if he has shed blood
for the name of Christ, can be saved, unless he has remained within the
bosom and unity of the Catholic Church."[17]
Vatican II also teaches in its decree on ecumenism that Eastern
heretics and schismatics help the Church
to grow.
Unitatis
redintegratio
(#'s 13-15):
"We
now turn our attention to the two chief types of division as they affect
the seamless robe of Christ. The
first division occurred in the east, when the dogmatic formulas of
the councils of
The Catholic Church teaches that heretics are the gates of Hell.
Pope
Vigilius, Second Council of
"These
matters having been treated with thorough-going exactness, we bear in mind
what was promised about the holy Church and Him who said the gates
of hell will not prevail against it (by these we understand
the death-dealing tongues of heretics)... and so we count along with
the devil, the father of lies, the uncontrolled tongues of heretics and
their heretical writings, together with the heretics themselves who have
persisted in their heresy even to death."[19]
Pope
St. Leo IX, In terra pax hominibus,
Sept. 2, 1053, to the "Father" of the Eastern Orthodox, Michael
Cerularius, Chap. 7:"The holy Church built
upon a rock, that is Christ, and upon Peter or Cephas,
the son of John who first was called Simon, because by the gates of
Hell, that is, by the disputations of heretics which lead the vain
to destruction, it would never be overcome."[20]
Another heresy which holds a prominent place in Vatican II's
decree on ecumenism is the constant expression of respect for non-Catholic
religions.
Unitatis
redintegratio
# 3:
"But
is subsequent centuries much more extensive dissensions made their appearance
and large communities came to be separated from the full communion of the
Catholic Church - for which, often enough, both sides were to blame.
Those who are now born into these communities and who are
brought up in the faith of Christ cannot be accused of the sin involved
in the separation, and the Catholic Church looks upon them as sisters
and brothers, with respect and love."[21]
The Catholic Church does not look upon members of non-Catholic religions
with respect. The Church
does not respect the workings of the devil.
Rather, the Catholic Church anathematizes all heresies and calls
all non-Catholics in charity to convert to the true faith.
Pope St. Damasus
I, First Council of
"Every
heresy is to be anathematized and in particular that of the Eunomians
or Anomoeans, that of the Arians or Eudoxians,
that of the Semi-Arians or Pneumatomachi, that
of the Sabellians that of the Marcellians,
that of the Photinians and that of the Apollinarians."[22]
Pope Innocent III,
Fourth Lateran Council, 1215, Constitution 3, On Heretics:
"We excommunicate
and anathematize every heresy raising itself up against this holy, orthodox
and Catholic faith which we have expounded above.
We condemn all heretics, whatever names they may go under.
They have different faces indeed but their tails are tied together
in as much as they are alike in their pride."[23]
Pope
Pelagius II, epistle (1) Quod ad dilectionem,
585:
"If
anyone, however, either suggests or believes or presumes to teach contrary
to this faith, let him know that he is condemned and also anathematized
according to the opinion of the same Fathers."[24]
Vatican II's decree on ecumenism also
implicitly denies the dogma that Popes possess supreme power in the universal
Church by divine right. It
teaches that in the past the Popes have acted by common consent
as moderators.
Unitatis
redintegratio
# 14:
"For
many centuries the Churches of the east and the west followed their separate
ways though linked in a union of faith and sacramental life; the Roman
See by common consent acted as guide when disagreements arose between
them over matters of faith and discipline."[25]
These words clearly imply that the Popes did not hold supreme authority
over all the churches in the East with whom they were united in faith.
It implies that the Holy See merely acted as a moderator when agreed
upon by common consent, not by divine institution.
And this heretical and schismatical
idea, that a Pope's jurisdiction comes from the consent of the Faithful,
is condemned by the Magisterium.
In fact, notice how the words of Pope Pius XI, in condemning this
very heresy, apply exactly to the above paragraph in Vatican II's
decree on ecumenism.
Pope
Pius XI, Mortalium Animos
(# 7),
"Among
them there indeed are some, though few, who grant to the Roman Pontiff
a primacy of honor or even a certain jurisdiction or power, but this, however,
they consider not to arise from the divine law but from the consent of
the faithful."[26]
Vatican II's decree on ecumenism also
teaches that in theological matters we must treat with non-Catholics on
an equal footing.
Unitatis
redintegratio
# 9:
"We
must get to know the outlook of our separated fellow Christians... Most
valuable for this purpose are meetings of the two sides - especially for
discussion of theological problems - where each side can treat with
the other on an equal footing, provided that those who take part in
them under the guidance of their authorities are truly competent."[27]
This heretical paragraph is a clear assertion that Vatican II does
not hold that the Catholic Church's teachings are true and that heretical
teachings are false. Vatican
II holds, rather, that both the Catholic teaching and the non-Catholic
heresies are true - otherwise it would never recommend that they be "treated"
on an equal footing. In
fact, notice in the following quotation how specifically the wording of
Vatican II is condemned by Pope Pius XI!
Vatican II recommends that we "treat" with heretics on
an equal footing while Pope Pius XI describes the heretics as willing to
"treat" with the Church of Rome, but only as "equals with
an equal"! When one reads
the incredible specificity with which Vatican II contradicted the past
teaching of the Magisterium, one can only ask:
was Satan himself writing the documents of Vatican II?
Pope
Pius XI, Mortalium Animos
(# 7),
"Meanwhile
they affirm that they would willingly treat with the Church
of Rome, but on equal terms, that is as equals with an equal..."[28]
There are a number of other heresies in Vatican II's
decree on ecumenism, but we feel that the above heresies are sufficient
to prove our point and that we should move on to the next document.
2.
Orientalium ecclesiarum
- Decree on Eastern Catholic Churrches
The Vatican
II decree Orientalium ecclesiarum
deals with eastern Catholic churches.
It also deals with the Eastern Schismatic sects, the so-called "Orthodox"
non-Catholic churches. In
dealing with the so-called Orthodox in # 27 of this decree, Vatican
II provides us with one of its most significant heresies.
Orientalium
Ecclesiarum
# 27:
"Given the above-mentioned
principles, the sacraments of Penance, Holy Eucharist, and the anointing
of sick may be conferred on eastern Christians who in good faith are separated
from the Catholic Church, if they make the request of their own accord
and are properly disposed."[29]
For 20 centuries the Catholic Church has consistently taught that
heretics cannot receive the sacraments of Penance, Holy Eucharist and Extreme
Unction. This teaching
is founded on the dogma that outside the Catholic Church there is no remission
of sins, defined by Pope Boniface VIII.
Pope
Boniface VIII, Unam Sanctam,
"With
Faith urging us we are forced to believe and to hold the one, holy, Catholic
Church and that, apostolic, and we firmly believe and simply confess
this Church outside of which there is no salvation nor remission
of sin, the Spouse in the Canticle proclaiming: 'One is my dove,
my perfect one."[30]
Pope
Eugene IV, Council of Florence, "Cantate Domino," 1441,
ex cathedra:"The
Holy Roman Church firmly believes, professes and preaches that all those
who are outside the Catholic Church, not only pagans but also Jews or heretics
and schismatics, cannot share in eternal life and will go into the everlasting
fire which was prepared for the devil and his angels, unless they are joined
to the Church before the end of their lives; that the unity of this
ecclesiastical body is of such importance that only those who abide in
it do the Church's sacraments contribute to salvation and do fasts,
almsgiving and other works of piety and practices of the Christian militia
productive of eternal rewards; and that nobody can be saved, no matter
how much he has given away in alms and even if he has shed blood in the
name of Christ, unless he has persevered in the bosom and unity of the
Catholic Church."[31]
Only for those who abide in the Roman Catholic Church do the Church's
sacraments contribute to salvation.
This is a dogma! And
this dogma is clearly repudiated by Vatican II's outrageous teaching that
it is lawful to give the sacraments of Penance, Holy Eucharist and Extreme
Unction to those who do not abide in the Catholic Church.
In fact, Popes throughout the ages have proclaimed that non-Catholics
who receive the Holy Eucharist outside the Catholic Church receive it to
their own damnation.
Pope
Pius VIII, Traditi Humilitati
(# 4),
"Jerome
used to say it this way: he who eats the Lamb outside this house will
perish as did those during the flood who were not with Noah in the ark."[32]
Pope Gregory XVI,
Commissum divinitus (# 11),
"... whoever
dares to depart from the unity of Peter might understand that he no longer
shares in the divine mystery...'Whoever eats the Lamb outside of this
house is unholy.'"[33]
Pope Pius IX, Amantissimus
(# 3),
"...
whoever eats of the Lamb and is not a member of the Church, has profaned."[34]
Pope John Paul II has repeated and expanded upon this heresy of
Vatican II countless times. He
teaches it clearly in his new code of canon law (Canon 844.3-4), in his
Directory for the Application of the Principles and Norms of Ecumenism
(#'s 122-125) and in his new catechism (#1401).
He also makes many references to this heresy in many of his speeches.
Pope
John Paul II, General Audience,
"Concerning
aspects of intercommunion,
the recent Ecumenical Directory confirms and states precisely all that
the Council said: that is, a certain intercommunion is possible, since
the Eastern Churches possess true sacraments, especially the priesthood
and the Eucharist.
"On this sensitive point, specific instructions have been issued,
stating that, whenever it is impossible for a Catholic to have recourse
to a Catholic priest, he may receive the sacraments of Penance, the Eucharist
and the Anointing of the Sick from the minister of an Eastern Church (Directory,
n. 123). Reciprocally,
Catholic ministers may licitly administer the sacraments of Penance,
the Eucharist and the Anointing of the Sick to Eastern Christians who ask
for them."[35]
Pope
John Paul II, Ut Unum Sint
(# 48),
"Pastoral
experience shows that with respect to our Eastern brethren there should
be and can be taken into consideration various circumstances affecting
individuals, wherein the unity of the Church is not jeopardized nor are
intolerable risks involved, but in which salvation itself and the spiritual
profit of souls are urgently at issue.
Hence, in view of special circumstances of time, place and personage,
the Catholic Church has often adopted and now adopts a milder policy, offering
to all the means of salvation and an example of charity among Christians
through participation in the sacraments and in other sacred functions
and objects... There must never be a loss of appreciation for
the ecclesiological implication of sharing in the sacraments, especially
the Holy Eucharist."[36]
Three things are striking in this paragraph: 1) John Paul II calls
for sharing in the sacraments, especially the Holy Eucharist; 2) he attempts
to justify this by invoking "the spiritual profit of souls,"
which means that he is directly denying the definition of Eugene IV on
how reception of the sacraments outside the Church does not profit one
unto salvation; 3) John Paul II reminds us never to forget the "ecclesiological
implication" of sharing in the sacraments - which implication
is that these heretics and schismatics with whom they are sharing the sacraments
are also in the same Church of Christ!
Does the reader see what this heresy means?
It means that the Vatican II Church, now headed by Pope John Paul
II, considers itself in the same
Besides its horrible teaching on giving the sacraments to non-Catholics,
in its decree Orientalium ecclesiarum,
Vatican II spreads more of the heresy of indifferentism - the idea that
God approves of all heretical sects.
Orientalium
Ecclesiarum
# 30:
"They should
also pray that the fullness of the strength and solace of the holy Spirit,
the paraclete, may flow out upon those many
Christians of any Church whatsoever who, fearlessly confessing Christ,
are undergoing suffering and distress."[37]
Contrary to the heresy of Vatican II, the Holy Spirit does not flow
out upon members of any sect whatsoever.
Pope Leo XII, Ubi
Primum (# 14),
"It is impossible
for the most true God, who is Truth itself, the best, the wisest Provider,
and the Rewarder of good men, to approve
all sects who profess false teachings which are often inconsistent
with one another and contradictory, and to confer eternal salvation
on their members... by divine faith we hold one Lord, one faith, one
baptism... This is why we profess that there is no salvation outside
the Church."[38]
Pope St. Celestine
I, Council of
"... remember
that the followers of every heresy extract from inspired scripture the
occasion of their error, and that all heretics corrupt the true expressions
of the holy Spirit with their own evil minds and they draw down on
their heads an inextinguishable flame."[39]
Other Popes could be quoted to condemn Vatican II's indifferentism,
but Pope Leo XII and Pope St. Celestine should suffice.
Finally, operating on the principle that all heretical sects
are as good as the Catholic Church - and that the Holy Ghost approves of
all heretical sects - Orientalium ecclesiarum
calls for Catholics to share their churches with heretics and schismatics.
Orientalium
Ecclesiarum
# 28:
"With the same
principles in mind, sharing in sacred functions and things and places
is allowed among Catholics and their separated eastern brothers and sisters..."[40]
Lumen
Gentium,
Vatican II's constitution on the Church,
became famous (or rather, notorious) for its heretical teaching of collegiality.
This is the idea that the bishops, taken as a whole, also are the
supreme head of the Catholic Church.
Lumen Gentium
# 22:
"However, the
order of Bishops, which succeeds the college of apostles in teaching
authority and pastoral government, and indeed in which the apostolic body
continues to exist without interruption, is also the subject of supreme
and full power over the universal Church, provided it remains united
with its head ..."[41]
We see that Lumen Gentium explicitly
teaches that the
Pope Boniface VIII,
Unam Sanctam,
"... Of the
one and only Church there is one body, one head, not two heads as
a monster..."
The Pope alone possesses the supreme authority in the Church.
The Bishops do not.
Pope Leo XIII, Satis
Cognitum (# 14),
"For He who
made Peter the foundation of the Church also 'chose, twelve, whom He called
apostles' (Luke 6:13); and just as it is necessary that the authority of
Peter should be perpetuated in the Roman Pontiff, by the fact that the
bishops succeed the Apostles, they inherit their ordinary power,
and thus the episcopal order necessarily belongs
to the essential constitution of the Church.
Although they do not receive plenary, or universal, or supreme
authority, they are not to be looked as vicars of the Roman Pontiffs;
because they exercise a power really their own, and are most truly called
ordinary pastors of the peoples over whom they rule."[42]
Pope Leo XIII, Satis
Cognitum (# 15):
"But the
power of the Roman Pontiff is supreme, universal, and definitely peculiar
to itself;
but that of the bishops is circumscribed by definite limits, and definitely
peculiar to themselves."[43]
Besides the heresy of collegiality, there are others in Lumen
Gentium that cannot be overlooked.
The most striking is found in Lumen Gentium
16.
Lumen
Gentium
# 16:
"But
the plan of salvation also embraces those who acknowledge the Creator,
and among these the MUSLIMS are first; the profess to hold the faith
of Abraham AND ALONG WITH US THEY WORSHIP THE ONE MERCIFUL GOD
WHO WILL JUDGE MANKIND ON THE LAST DAY."
This is an amazing blasphemy!
Catholics are worshippers of Jesus Christ and the Most Holy Trinity;
the Muslims are not! A
child can understand that we don't have the same God.
Pope
Gregory XVI, Summo Iugiter
Studio (# 6),
"Therefore,
they must instruct them in the true worship of God, which is unique
to the Catholic religion."[44]
Pope
St. Gregory the Great:
"The
holy universal Church teaches that it is not possible to worship God truly
except in Her
..."[45]
It is a clearly a denial of the Most Blessed Trinity to say that
Muslims worship the true God without worshipping the Trinity.
Secondly, and even worse when considered carefully, is the astounding
statement that Muslims worship the One Merciful Who will judge mankind
on the last day! This
is an incredible heresy. As
stated already, Muslims don't worship Jesus Christ - mankind's supreme
Judge on the last day. Therefore,
they do not worship God who will judge mankind on the last day!
This is quite simple.
To say that Muslims do worship God who will judge mankind on
the last day, as Vatican II does in Lumen Gentium
16, is to totally deny that Jesus Christ will judge mankind
on the last day.
Pope
St. Damasus I, Council of
"If
anyone does not say that HE (JESUS CHRIST) ...WILL COME TO JUDGE
THE LIVING AND THE DEAD, HE IS A HERETIC."[46]
In
addition to what is stated above, in Lumen Gentium
16 we find another prominent heresy.
Lumen
Gentium
# 16:
"Nor
does divine providence deny the helps that are necessary for salvation
to those who, through no fault of their own, have not yet attained to
the express recognition of God yet who strive, not without divine grace,
to lead an upright life."[47]
Vatican II is teaching here in Lumen Gentium
that there are some people who, THROUGH NO FAULT OF THEIR OWN, have
not yet attained to the express recognition of God.
In other words, there are some atheists who are atheists through
no fault of their own. This
is pure heresy.
It is infallibly taught in Sacred Scripture that everyone above
the age of reason can know with certainty that there is a God.
They know this by the things that are made: the trees, the grass,
the sun, the moon, the stars, etc.
Therefore, anyone who is an atheist - who believes that there is
no God - is without excuse. The
natural law convicts him. Read
the teaching of Sacred Scripture.
Romans
1:19-21:
"Because
that which is known of God is manifest in them.
For God hath manifested it unto them.
For the invisible things of Him, from the creation of the world,
are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made; His external
power also, and divinity: SO THAT THEY ARE INEXCUSABLE."
Pope
Pius IX, First
"If
anyone shall have said that the one true God, our Creator and Lord, cannot
be known with certitude by those things which have been made, by the natural
light of human reason: let him be anathema."[48]
Vatican
II, in the above passage in Lumen Gentium
16, falls directly under this anathema.
Moving right along, in Lumen Gentium
15, Vatican II also teaches that the Church is united with those who don't
accept the Papacy.
Lumen
Gentium
# 15:
"For
several reasons the Church recognizes that it is joined to those who,
though baptized and so honoured with the Christian
name, do not profess the faith in its entirety or do not preserve communion
under the successor of St. Peter."[49]
It is a dogma that those who reject the Papacy are not joined to
the Catholic Church.
Pope
Pius IX, Amantissimus (# 3),
"There
are other, almost countless, proofs drawn from the most trustworthy witnesses
which clearly and openly testify with great faith, exactitude, respect
and obedience that all who want to belong to the true and only Church
of Christ must honor and obey this Apostolic See and the Roman Pontiff."[50]
Pope
Pius VI, Charitas (# 32),
"Finally,
in one word, stay close to Us. For
no one can be in the
Pope Leo XIII, Satis
Cognitum (# 13),
"Therefore if
a man does not want to be, or to be called, a heretic, let him not strive
to please this or that man... but let him hasten before all things to be
in communion with the Roman See."[52]
Vatican II also teaches that heretics honor Holy Scripture with
a true religious zeal.
Lumen
Gentium
# 15, speaking of non-Catholics:
"For
there are many who hold the sacred scripture in honour
as the norm for believing and living, displaying a sincere religious zeal...
They are marked baptism... and indeed there are other sacraments that they
recognize and accept in their own Churches or ecclesiastical communities."[53]
The Catholic Church teaches that heretics repudiate the traditional
Word of God.
Pope
Gregory XVI, Inter Praecipuas (# 2),
"Indeed,
you are aware that from the first ages called Christian, it has been
the peculiar artifice of heretics that, repudiating the traditional Word
of God, and rejecting the authority of the Catholic Church, they either
falsify the Scriptures at hand, or alter the explanation of the meaning."[54]
4.
Dignitatis Humanae
- Declaration on Religious liberty
Vatican II's declaration on religious
liberty was without question the most notorious of all the documents of
Vatican II. This is because
its teaching on religious liberty was so heretical, so contrary to the
teaching of the Catholic Magisterium, that even
the most liberal heretics had trouble rationalizing it.
Dignitatis
humanae
# 2:
"This
Dignitatis
humanae
# 2:
"Therefore
this right to non-interference persists even in those who do not carry
out their obligations of seeking the truth and standing by it; and the
exercise of this right should not be curtailed, as long as due public
order is preserved."[56]
It is a dogma of the Catholic Church that states have a right, and
indeed a duty, to prevent false religions from publicly propagating and
practicing their false faiths.
States must do this to protect the common good - the good of souls,
which is harmed by the public dissemination of evil.
This is why the Catholic Church has always taught that Catholicism
should be the only religion of the state; and that the State should exclude
and forbid the public profession and propagation of any other.
Pope
Pius IX, Syllabus of Errors,
"In
this age of ours it is no longer expedient that the Catholic religion
should be the only religion of the state, to the exclusion of all other
cults whatsoever." - Condemned.[57]
Pope
Pius IX, Syllabus of Errors, # 78:
"Hence
in certain regions of Catholic name, it has been laudably sanctioned by
law that men immigrating there be allowed to have public exercises of
any form of worship of their own." - Condemned.[58]
Pope
Pius IX, Syllabus of Errors,
"The
Church is to be separated from the state, and the state from the Church."
- Condemned.
Thus, it is abundantly clear that the teaching of Vatican II is
direct heresy against the infallible teaching of Pope Pius
IX and a host of other Popes we could quote.
The teaching of Vatican II on religious liberty could literally
have been added to the errors of the Syllabus condemned by Pope Pius IX.
Dignitatis
humanae
# 3:
"So the state,
whose proper purpose it is to provide for the temporal common good, should
certainly recognize and promote the religious life of its citizens.
With equal certainty it exceeds the limits of its authority,
if it takes upon itself to direct or to prevent religious activity."[59]
Here Vatican II says that the State exceeds its authority if it
dares to direct or prevent religious activity.
In other words, the state exceeds its authority if it is not godless.
This is why, after Vatican II, a number of formerly Catholic nations
changed their Catholic Constitutions in favor of secular ones!
They went from Catholic nations to godless nations all because of
Vatican II. But justice,
reason and Catholic dogma forbid the State to be godless.
Pope
Leo XIII, Libertas (# 21),
"Justice
therefore forbids, and reason itself forbids, the State to be godless;
or to adopt a line of action which would end in godlessness - namely,
to treat the various religions (as they call them) alike, and to bestow
upon them promiscuously equal rights and privileges.
Since, then, the profession of one religion is necessary in the
State, that religion must be professed which alone is true, and
which can be recognized without difficulty, especially in the Catholic
States, because the marks of truth are, as it were, engraven
upon it."[60]
Pope
St. Pius X, Vehementer Nos,
"We,
in accord with the supreme authority which We hold from God, disprove and
condemn the established law which separates the French state from the Church,
for those reasons which We have set forth: because it inflicts the greatest
injury upon God whom it solemnly rejects, declaring in the beginning that
the state is devoid of any religious worship..."[61]
Pope
Gregory XVI, Inter Praecipuas (# 14),
"Experience
shows that there is no more direct way of alienating the populace from
fidelity and obedience to their leaders than through that indifference
to religion propagated by the sect members under the name of religious
liberty."[62]
In line with its heretical teaching on religious liberty, Vatican
II naturally teaches the heresy that all religions have liberty of speech
and liberty of the press.
Dignitatis
Humanae
# 4:
"In addition,
religious communities are entitled to teach and give witness to their faith
publicly in speech and writing without hindrance."[63]
The idea that everyone has the right to liberty of speech and the
press has been condemned by countless Popes.
We will only quote Gregory XVI and Leo XIII.
Pope
Gregory XVI, Mirari Vos
(# 15),
"Here
We must include that harmful and never sufficiently denounced freedom
to publish any writings whatever and disseminate them to the people,
which some dare to demand and promote with so great a clamor.
We are horrified to see what monstrous doctrines and
prodigious errors are disseminated far and wide in countless books, pamphlets,
and other writings which, though small in weight, are very great in malice."[64]
Pope Leo XIII, Libertas
(# 42),
"From what has
been said it follows that it is quite unlawful to demand, to defend,
or to grant unconditional freedom of thought, of speech, or writing,
or of worship, as if these were so many rights given by nature to man."[65]
Pope
Leo XIII, Immortale Dei (# 34),
"Thus,
Gregory XVI in his encyclical letter Mirari
Vos, dated August 15, 1832, inveighed with
weighty words against the sophisms which even at his time were being
publicly inculcated - namely, that no preference should
be shown for any particular form of worship; that it is right for
individuals to form their own personal judgments about religion; that each
man's conscience is his sole and all-sufficing guide; and that it
is lawful for every man to publish his own views, whatever they may be,
and even to conspire against the state."[66]
5.
Ad Gentes
- Decree
on Missionary Activity
Not
surprisingly, we also find heresy in Vatican II's decree on missionary
activity.
Ad
Gentes #
6:
"For
although the Church possesses totally and fully the means of salvation,
it neither always nor at once puts or can put them all into operation,
but is subject to beginnings and stages in the activity by which it strives
to bring God's plan into effect.
Indeed, at times, after a successful start and advance, it has to
grieve at another reverse, or at least it halts in a certain state of
semi-fulfillment and insufficiency."[67]
One will search in vain for a clearer denial of the necessity of
the Catholic Church for salvation; for here Vatican II asserts that the
Catholic Church is insufficient as a means of salvation.
This is a blasphemy against the Church Christ has established, as
if what Our Savior founded upon Peter the Rock so that all nations might
receive the Gospel truth just wasn't sufficient for the grave needs of
the world. According to
Vatican II, the Church Christ established is not sufficient in itself for
providing for the salvation of mankind.
Pope
Innocent III, Eius exemplo,
"By
the heart we believe and by the mouth we confess the one Church, not
of heretics, but the Holy Roman, Catholic, and
Pope Clement VI,
Super quibusdam,
"In the second
place, we ask whether you and the Armenians obedient to you believe that
no man of the wayfarers outside the faith of this Church,
and outside the obedience to the Pope of Rome, can finally be saved."[69]
As we can see, the assertion of Ad Gentes that the Church
is insufficient as a means of salvation is heretical and blasphemous.
But besides this heresy, Ad Gentes proclaims that non-Christian
religions are great.
Ad
Gentes #
10:
"For
two billion people - and their number is increasing by day - have not heard
the gospel message or have scarcely heard it... Of these people, some
adhere to one of the great religions..."[70]
So non-Christian religions are great, according to Vatican II.
This is not what Sacred Scriptures teaches.
2 Cor. 4:3:
"And if our
gospel be also hid, it is hid to them that are lost, In whom the god
of this world (that is, Satan) hath blinded the minds of unbelievers, that
the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God,
should not shine unto them."
The Gospel is hidden from those that are lost, not those whose religion
is great. Non-Christians
are in darkness and are under the power of the devil.
1 Cor. 10:19-20:
"What then?
Do I say, that what is offered in sacrifice to idols is anything?
Or that the idol is anything?
But the things which the heathens sacrifice, they sacrifice to
devils, and not to God."
Colossians 1:13-
"Giving thanks
to God the Father... Who hath delivered us from the power of darkness,
and hath translated us into the kingdom of the Son of his love."
John 3:35-36:
"The Father
loveth the Son: and he hath given all things into His hand.
He that believeth in the Son, hath life everlasting; but he that
believeth not the Son, shall not see life; but the wrath of God abideth
on him."
John
8:23-24
"And Jesus said
to them: You are from beneath, I am from above.
You are of this world, I am not of this world.
Therefore I said to you, that you shall die in your sins.
For if you do not believe that I am He, you shall die in your
sin."
Non-Christian religions are not great; they are false.
They do not have the light, but they suffer in darkness.
Vatican II is preaching a new gospel in which non-Catholic religions
are no longer false, but great - no longer dark, but light.
Ad
Gentes #
29:
"Together
with the Secretariate for the promotion of Christian unity, it should
search out ways and means for bringing about and organizing cooperation
and harmonious relationships with other communities of Christians in their
missionary projects, so that as far as possible the scandal of division
may be removed."[71]
Ad Gentes
29 teaches that Catholics should work with Protestant sects in their missionary
projects. This means that
Vatican II considers a conversion to Protestantism a true conversion.
This again is heresy, since, as we have proven, there is no
salvation outside the Catholic Church.
A conversion to Protestantism is not a true conversion.
Pope Leo X, Fifth
Lateran Council, Session 8,
"And since truth
cannot contradict truth, we define that every statement contrary to the
enlightened truth of the faith is totally false and we strictly forbid
teaching otherwise to be permitted.
We decree that all those who cling to erroneous statements of
this kind, thus sowing heresies which are wholly condemned, should be avoided
in every way and punished as detestable and odious heretics and infidels
who are undermining the Catholic faith."[72]
6.
Nostra Aetate
- Decree
on Non-Christian Religions
Nostra aetate
# 3:
"The Church
also looks upon Muslims with respect.
They worship the one God living and subsistent, merciful and mighty,
creator of heaven and earth, who has spoken to humanity and to whose decrees,
even the hidden ones, they seek to submit themselves whole-heartedly,
just as Abraham, to whom the Islamic faith readily relates itself, submitted
to God... Hence they have regard for the moral life and worship
God in prayer, almsgiving and fasting."[73]
Here we find Vatican II teaching that Muslims worship the one God,
the Creator of Heaven and earth.
This is similar to, but slightly different from, the heresy that
we have already exposed in Lumen Gentium.
Here Vatican II does not say that Muslims worship God who will judge
mankind on the last day, but that Muslims worship the One God who created
heaven and earth. The
false god of the Muslims did not create heaven and earth.
The Most Holy Trinity created heaven and earth.
Pope
St. Leo IX, Congratulamur vehementer,
"For
I firmly believe that the Holy Trinity, the Father and the Son and the
Holy Spirit, is one omnipotent God, and in the Trinity the whole Godhead
is co-essential and consubstantial, co-eternal and co-omnipotent, and of
one will, power, majesty; the creator of all creation, from whom all
things, through whom all things, in whom all things which are in heaven
or on earth, visible or invisible.
Likewise I believe that each person in the Holy Trinity is the one
true God, complete and perfect."[74]
Nostra Aetate 3 also says that
the Catholic Church looks upon Muslims with respect, who seek to submit
themselves to God wholeheartedly, just as Abraham did.
But Vatican II's admiration for the
infidel Muslims is not shared by the Catholic Church.
The Church desires the conversion and eternal happiness of all the
Muslims, but she recognizes that Islam is a horrible and false religion;
and she does not pretend that they submit themselves to God.
She knows that they belong to a false religion.
Pope Eugene IV, Council
of
"Moreover, we
trust that with God's help another benefit will accrue to the Christian
commonwealth; because from this union, once it is established, there is
hope that very many from the abominable sect of Mahomet will be
converted to the Catholic faith."[75]
Pope Clement V, Council
of
"It is an
insult to the holy name and a disgrace to the Christian faith that
in certain parts of the world subject to Christian princes where Saracens
(i.e., The followers of Islam, also called Muslims) live, sometimes apart,
sometimes intermingled with Christians, the Saracen priests, commonly called
Zabazala, in their temples or mosques, in which
the Saracens meet to adore the infidel Mahomet, loudly invoke and
extol his name each day at certain hours from a high place... This brings
disrepute on our faith and gives great scandal to the faithful.
These practices cannot be tolerated without displeasing the divine
majesty. We therefore,
with the sacred council's approval, strictly forbid such practices henceforth
in Christian lands. We enjoin
on Catholic princes, one and all.. They are to forbid expressly the
public invocation of the sacrilegious name of Mahomet... Those who
presume to act otherwise are to be so chastised by the princes for their
irreverence, that others may be deterred from such boldness."[76]
Pope Benedict strictly forbade Catholics to even give Muslim names
to their children under pain of damnation.
Pope Benedict XIV,
Quod Provinciale,
"The Provincial
Council of your
Vatican II's document Nostra Aetate
likewise expresses its great esteem for Jews who reject Our Lord Jesus
Christ.
Nostra aetate
# 4:
"Since, therefore,
the spiritual heritage common to Christians and Jews is so great, this
synod wishes to promote and recommend that mutual knowledge and esteem
which is required especially from biblical and theological studies and
from friendly dialogues."[78]
Nostra aetate
# 4:
"As holy scripture
is witness,
The Catholic Church does not look upon the Jews with esteem, but
with sadness, acknowledging that they exist in a state of rejection of
the true God; and that they need to be recalled from their false religion
in order to be saved.
Pope Benedict XIV,
A Quo Primum (# 4),
"Surely it
is not in vain that the Church has established the universal prayer which
is offered up for the faithless Jews from the rising of the sun to its
setting, that the Lord God may remove the veil from their hearts, that
they may be rescued from their darkness into the light of truth.
For unless it hoped that those who do not believe would believe,
it would obviously be futile and empty to pray for them."[80]
Pope Benedict XIV is referring to the prayer in the Catholic liturgy
which implored God to convert the perfidious Jews.
The word perfidious means unfaithful.[81]
Not surprisingly, in 1960, the phrase "perfidious Jews"
was removed from the Good Friday liturgy by Pope John XXIII.
Furthermore, Pope Eugene IV dogmatically defined that everyone who
practices the Mosaic law - that is, the Jewish religion - cannot be saved.
Pope
Eugene IV, Council of
"The
Holy Roman Church firmly believes, professes and teaches that the matter
pertaining to the law of the Old Testament, of the Mosaic Law,
which are divided into ceremonies, sacred rites, sacrifices, and sacraments,
because they were established to signify something in the future, although
they were suited to divine worship at that time, after our Lord's coming
had been signified by them, ceased, and the sacraments of the New
Testament began; and that whoever, even after the passion, placed hope
in these matters of the law and submitted himself to them as necessary
for salvation, as if faith in Christ could not save without them, sinned
mortally. Yet it does
not deny that after the passion of Christ up to the promulgation of the
Gospel they could have been observed until they were believed to be in
no way necessary for salvation; but after the promulgation of the Gospel
it asserts that they cannot be observed without the loss of eternal salvation.
All, therefore, who after that time (the promulgation of the
Gospel) observe circumcision and the Sabbath and the other requirements
of the law, it declares alien to the Christian faith and not in the least
fit to participate in eternal salvation, unless someday they recover
from these errors."[82]
Besides Jews and Muslims, Nostra Aetate
made sure to remind the world how great Buddhism is and how this false
religion leads to the highest illumination.
Nostra
aetate # 2:
"In Buddhism,
according to its various forms, the radical inadequacy of this changeable
world is acknowledged and a way is taught whereby those with a devout
and trustful spirit may be able to reach either a state of perfect
freedom or, relying on their own efforts or on help from a higher source,
the highest illumination."[83]
And the false religion of Hinduism is praised for its inexhaustible
wealth of penetrating philosophical investigations, as well as its ascetical
life and deep meditation.
Nostra
aetate
# 2:"Thus in Hinduism the divine mystery is explored and propounded
with an inexhaustible wealth of myths and penetrating philosophical
investigations, and liberation is sought from the distresses of our
state either through various forms of ascetical life or deep meditation
or taking refuge in God with loving confidence."[84]
Amid
all of this blasphemy, no mention is made that these infidels must be converted
to Christ; no prayer is offered that the faith may be granted to them;
and no admonition that these idolaters must be delivered from their impiety.
What we see is praise and esteem for these religions of the devil.
What we see is an unequivocal syncretism, which treats all religions
as if they are paths to God.
Pope
Pius XI, Mortalium Animos
(# 2),
"... that
false opinion which considers all religions to be more or less good and
praiseworthy, ... Not
only are those who hold this opinion in error and deceived, but also in
distorting the idea of true religion they reject it, and little by
little, turn aside to naturalism and atheism, as it is called; from
which it clearly follows that one who supports those who hold these theories
and attempt to realize them, is altogether abandoning the divinely revealed
religion."[85]
Pope
Pius IX, Qui Pluribus (# 15),
"Also perverse
is that shocking theory that it makes no difference to which religion one
belongs, a theory greatly at variance even with reason.
By means of this theory, those crafty men remove all distinction
between virtue and vice, truth and error, honorable and vile action.
They pretend that men can gain eternal salvation by the practice
of any religion, as if there could ever be any sharing between justice
and iniquity, any collaboration between light and darkness, or any
agreement between Christ and Belial."[86]
Pope
Eugene IV, Council of Florence, Cantate
Domino, Session 11, Feb. 4, 1442: "The Holy Roman Church firmly believes,
professes and preaches that all those who are outside the Catholic Church,
not only pagans but also Jews or heretics and schismatics,
cannot share in the eternal life and will go into the everlasting fire
which was prepared for the devil and his angels, unless they are joined
to the Catholic Church before the end of their lives..."[87]
Pope Gregory XVI,
Summo Iugiter Studio
(# 2),
"Finally
some of these misguided people attempt to persuade themselves and others
that men are not saved only in the Catholic religion, but that even heretics
may attain eternal life."[88]
Sacrosanctum Concilium
was Vatican II's constitution on the sacred liturgy.
It was responsible for the incredible changes to the Mass and the
other sacraments following Vatican II.
What Sacrosanctum Concilium
started, Pope Paul VI finished by suppressing the traditional Latin Mass
and replacing it with an invalid Protestant service that is referred to
as the Novus Ordo
Missae (the New Order of the Mass).
The "New Mass" alone has been responsible for the departure
of millions from the Catholic Church.
Pope Paul VI also changed the rites of all seven sacraments of the
Church, making grave and possibly invalidating changes to the sacraments
of Extreme Unction, Confirmation and Holy Orders, besides the changes to
the Mass as stated above. But
it all began with Vatican II's Constitution
Sacrosanctum Concilium.
The revolutionary intentions of Vatican II are clear in Sacrosanctum
Concilium.
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #63b: "There
is to be a new edition of the Roman book of rites,
and, following this as a model, each competent local church authority
(see article 22.2) should prepare its own, adapted to the needs of individual
areas, including those to do with language, as soon as possible."[89]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #66: "Both
rites of adult baptism are to be revised,
the simpler one and the more elaborate one, the latter with reference to
the renewed catechumenate."[90]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #67: "The
rite of infant baptism is to be revised,
and adapted to the reality of the situation with babies."[91]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #71: "The
rite of confirmation is also to be revised."[92]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #72: "The
rites and formulas of penance are also to be revised
in such a
way that they express more clearly what the sacrament is and what it brings
about."[93]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #76: "The
rites for different kinds of ordination are to be revised - both the ceremonies
and the texts."[94]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #77: "The
rite of celebrating marriage in the Roman book of rites is to be revised,
and made richer, in such a way that it will express the grace of the sacrament
more clearly...."[95]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #79: "The
sacramentals should be revised...
the revision should also pay attention to the needs of our time."[96]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #80: "The
rite of consecration of virgins found in the Roman pontifical is to be
subjected to review."[97]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #82: "The
rite of burying little children should be revised, and a special
mass provided."[98]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #89d: "The
hour of prime is to be suppressed."[99]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #93: "...
the hymns are to be restored to their original form.
Things which smack of mythology or which are less suited to Christian
holiness are to be removed or changed."[100]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #107: "The
liturgical year is to be revised."[101]
Sacrosanctum
Concilium #128: "The
ecclesiastical canons and statutes which deal with the provision of visible
things for worship are to be revised AS SOON AS POSSIBLE..."[102]
Yes, the devil could not wait to destroy the precious liturgical
heritage of the Catholic Church by means of the heretics at Vatican II.
His goal was to leave as little of tradition remaining as he could.
In Sacrosantum Concilium
#37 and #40.1, the Council falls into heresy against the teaching of Pope
Pius X in Pascendi on Modernist Worship.
Sacrosanctum
concilium
# 37:
"...
(the Church) cultivates and encourages the gifts and endowments of mind
and heart possessed by various races in peoples... Indeed, it
sometimes allows them into the liturgy itself, provided they are
consistent with the thinking behind the true spirit of the liturgy."[103]
Please notice that Vatican II is allowing the customs of various
peoples into liturgical worship.
Sacrosanctum
concilium
# 40.1:
"The
competent local Church authority should carefully and conscientiously consider,
in this regard, which elements from the traditions and particular
talents of individual peoples can be brought into divine worship.
Adaptations which are adjudged useful or necessary should be
proposed to the apostolic see, and introduced with its consent."[104]
Notice again that Vatican II is calling for the customs and traditions
of various peoples to be incorporated into the liturgy.
This is exactly what Pope Pius X solemnly condemned in Pascendi
as Modernist worship!
Pope
Pius X, Pascendi Dominici
Gregis (# 26), Sept. 8, 1907, On the
Worship of Modernists: "THE CHIEF STIMULUS IN
THE DOMAIN OF WORSHIP CONSISTS IN THE NEED OF ADAPTING ITSELF TO
THE USES AND CUSTOMS OF PEOPLES, as well as the need of availing
itself of the value which certain acts have acquired by long usage."[105]
The heresy of Vatican II on this point could not be any more clear.
It had already been condemned word for word by Pius X in 1907!
But Vatican II's heretical liturgical
revolution wasn't finished there.
In Sacrosantum Concilium
#34 and #50, Vatican II felt the need to again contradict word for word
a dogmatic constitution of the Church.
In #34 and #50, Vatican II directly contradicted the teaching of
the dogmatic constitution Auctorem Fidei
of Pope Pius VI regarding the simplification of liturgical rites.
Sacrosanctum
concilium
# 34:
"The
rites should radiate a rich simplicity; they should be brief and lucid,
avoiding pointless repetitions; they should be intelligible for the people,
and should not in general require much explanation."[106]
Sacrosanctum
concilium
# 50:
"Therefore
the rites, in a way that carefully preserves what really matters, should
become simpler. Duplications
which have come in over the course of time should be discontinued, as should
the less useful accretions."[107]
Pope Pius VI explicitly condemned the idea that the traditional
liturgical rites of the Church should be simplified in his dogmatic Constitution
Auctorem fidei!
Pope
Pius VI, Auctorem fidei,
Aug. 28. 1794, # 33:
"The
proposition of the synod by which it shows itself eager to remove the cause
through which, in part, there has been induced a forgetfulness of the principles
relating to the order of the liturgy, 'by recalling it (the liturgy)
to a greater simplicity of rites, by expressing it in the vernacular
language, by uttering it in a loud voice...'" - Condemned as rash,
offensive to pious ears, insulting to the Church, favorable to the charges
of heretics against it.[108]
Besides everything stated above, Sacrosanctum
concilium called for changing the rite of
every sacrament, in addition to calling for "bodily self expression"
in the liturgy (# 30):
Sacrosanctum
concilium
# 30:
"In
order to encourage their taking an active share, acclamations for the
people, together with responses, psalmody, antiphons and hymns, should
be developed, as well as actions, movements and bodily self-expression."[109]
Vatican II also called for "radical adaptation" to the
liturgy (#40):
Sacrosanctum
concilium
# 40:
"However,
in some places or in some situations, there may arise a pressing need
for a more radical adaptation of the liturgy."[110]
These clauses may form part of the reason why the modern churches
of the Vatican II sect frequently conduct "Masses" at which one
finds polka bands, electric guitars, balloons, drums, native American ceremonies,
topless dancers and rock music.
One might also find the "priests" celebrating such "Masses"
dressed in anything from football jerseys to clown costumes.
Yes, the "spirit of Vatican II" has truly touched the
modern day churches of the Vatican II sect.
Fortunately, Pope Gregory X at the Second Council of
Pope
Gregory X, Second Council of
"Churches,
then, should be entered humbly and devoutly; behavior inside should be
calm, pleasing to God, bringing peace to the beholders, a source not only
of instruction but of mental refreshment... In churches the sacred solemnities
should possess the whole heart and mind; the whole attention should be
given to prayer. Hence
where it is proper to offer heavenly desires with peace and calm, let nobody
arouse rebellion, provoke clamour or be guilty
of violence... Idle and, even more, foul and profane talk must stop; chatter
in all its forms must cease.
Everything, in short, that may disturb divine worship or offend
the eyes of the divine majesty should be absolutely foreign to the churches,
lest where pardon should be asked for our sins, occasion is given for sin,
or sin is found to be committed... Those
indeed who impudently defy the above prohibitions... will have to fear
the sternness of divine retribution and our own, until having confessed
their guilt, they have firmly resolved to avoid such conduct in the future."[111]
Pope
Clement V, Council of
"There
are some, both clergy and laity, especially on the vigil of certain feasts
when they ought to be in church persevering in prayer, who are not afraid
to hold licentious dances in the cemeteries of the churches and occasionally
to sing ballads and perpetrate many excesses.
From this sometimes there follows the violation of churches and
cemeteries, disgraceful conduct and various crimes; and the liturgical
office is greatly disturbed, to the offense of the divine majesty and
the scandal of the people nearby."[112]
Finally, not wishing to leave anything untouched, Sacrosanctum
concilium made sure to call for pagan musical
traditions in acts of Catholic worship (#119):
Sacrosanctum
concilium
# 119:
"In
some parts of the world, especially in mission areas, peoples
are found who have a musical tradition of their own, a tradition which
has great importance for their religious and cultural way of life... For
this reason, special care should be taken in the musical training of missionaries,
so that, as far as possible, they will be able to encourage the traditional
music of these peoples in schools, in choirs, and in acts of worship."[113]
Thankfully, the Council of Trent had already condemned any diabolical
insertion of pagan musical tradition into the churches.
Pope
Pius IV, Council of Trent, Session 22, Decree on this to be observed
and avoided at Mass:" And they should keep out of their churches
the kind of music in which a base and suggestive element is introduced
into the organ playing or singing, and similarly all worldly activities,
empty and secular conversations, walking about, noises and cries, so
that the house of God may truly be called and be seen to be a house of
prayer."[114]
Is
there any doubt that Vatican II tried to bring about a new apostate liturgy
for its new apostate Church? Vatican
II brings down the anathema of the Church on its head!
Pope
St. Pius V, Quo Primum Tempore,
"Now,
therefore, in order that all everywhere may adopt and observe what has
been delivered to them by the Holy Roman Church, Mother and Mistress of
the other churches, it shall be unlawful henceforth and forever throughout
the Christian world to sing or to read Masses according to any formula
other than this Missal published by Us... Accordingly, no one whosoever
is permitted to infringe or rashly contravene this notice of Our permission,
statute, ordinance, command, direction, grant, indult, declaration, will,
decree, and prohibition. Should
any venture to do so, let him understand that he will incur the wrath of
Almighty God and of the blessed Apostles Peter and Paul."[115]
Pope Paul III, Council
of Trent, Session 7, Can. 13, ex cathedra:
"If anyone
shall say that the received and approved rites of the Catholic Church
accustomed to be used in the solemn administration of the sacraments may
be disdained or omitted by the minister without sin and at pleasure,
or may be changed by any pastor of the churches to other new ones:
let him be anathema."[116]
8.
Gaudium et Spes
- Constitution on Church and the Modernn World
Gaudium
et Spes
# 22:
"For
by His incarnation the Son of God united Himself in some way with every
human being. He labored
with human hands, thought with a human mind, acted with a human will, and
loved with a human heart."[117]
One of the trademark heresies of the Vatican II sect is the idea
that by His incarnation, Christ united himself with each man.
Vatican II speaks of a union between Christ and each man that results
from the incarnation itself. Pope
John Paul has taken the baton of this heresy and run with it full speed
ahead to its logical consequence - universal salvation.
Pope John Paul II,
Redemptor Hominis
(# 13),
"Christ the
Lord indicated this way especially, when, as the Council teaches, 'by
his Incarnation, he, the Son of God, in a certain way united himself with
each man.' (Gaudium et Spes,
22.)."[118]
Pope John Paul II,
Redemptor Hominis
(# 13),
"We are dealing
with each man, for each one is included in the mystery of the Redemption
and with each one Christ has united Himself forever through
this mystery."[119]
Notice that Pope John Paul II teaches that Christ is united with
each man forever. This
means that no one can ever be separated from God in hell.
And he bases this heresy on the teaching of Vatican II in Gaudium
et Spes #22, that Christ has united himself
with each man in the Incarnation.
But the idea that God united himself to every man in the Incarnation
is undeniably heretical. There
is no union between Jesus Christ and each man that results from the incarnation
itself. The whole point
of the Catholic Church is to unite mankind to Jesus Christ.
This is done through faith and baptism.
But if the union between all of mankind and Jesus Christ occurred
at the Incarnation, then the Church has no value and is in fact pointless.
The same would have to be said of the Crucifixion, the Resurrection,
the seven sacraments, etc., which are all of no importance in uniting mankind
to Jesus Christ according to Vatican II and Pope John Paul II.
In this system, the Crucifixion of Christ by which the world was
truly redeemed and given a chance to be saved becomes instead merely
a sign of the union between Christ and each man that already exists
and has existed since the Incarnation.
The Redemption, then, has no saving value.
One can see that in this system all of Catholic doctrine is simultaneously
flushed down the toilet.
In fact, this doctrine of
Now we will quote the Catholic dogmas surrounding the truth that
union between sinful mankind and Christ only comes from faith and baptism;
for original sin is not remitted in any other way.
Pope
Eugene IV, Council of
"With
regard to children, since the danger of death is often present and
the only remedy available to them is the sacrament of baptism by which
they are snatched away from the dominion of the devil and adopted as
children of God ..."[120]
Pope Pius XI Quas
Primas (# 15),
Pope Leo XIII, Satis
Cognitum (# 5),
"Whoever
is separated from the Church is united to an adulteress.
He has cut himself off from the promises of the Church, and he who
leaves the
Besides the heresy in Gaudium et Spes
#22, there are a number of others in Gaudium
et Spes that are worthy of note.
For example, in #58 Vatican II makes the ridiculous assertion that
the Church is not attached to any ancient customs.
Gaudium
et spes
# 58:
"At
the same time the Church, which has been sent to all peoples of
whatever age or region, is not connected exclusively and inseparably
to any race or nation, to any particular pattern of human behavior, or
to any ancient or recent customs."[123]
Tradition is one of the two sources of revelation, Sacred Scripture
being the other. Therefore,
the Church is attached to ancient customs; for Tradition is one
of the two sources of revelation!
The Church is founded on the traditions of the apostles, in which
is included, among other things, the traditional liturgical rites which
the Church has "always been accustomed to use."
Pope
Eugene IV, Council of
"But
since in the above written decree of the Armenians, the form of the words,
which in the consecration of the Body and Blood of the Lord the holy
Roman Church, confirmed by the teaching and authority of the Apostles,
had always been accustomed to use, was not set forth, we
have thought that it ought to be inserted here."[124]
Pope Paul III, Council
of
"If anyone
shall say that the received and approved rites of the Catholic Church
accustomed to be used in the solemn administration of the sacraments
may be disdained or omitted by the minister without sin and at pleasure,
or can be changed into other new rites by any pastor in the Church whomsoever:
let him be anathema."[125]
Pope
Hadrian I, Second Council of
"Those,
therefore, who dare to think or to teach otherwise or to spurn according
to the wretched heretics the ecclesiastical traditions and to invent anything
novel, or to reject anything from these things which have been consecrated
by the Church... or to invent perversely and cunningly for the overthrow
of anyone of the legitimate traditions of the Catholic Church... if indeed
they are bishops or clerics, we order them to be deposed; monks, however,
or laymen, to be excommunicated."[126]
Gaudium
et Spes also expresses the heretical doctrine
that dogma and all matters pertaining to the Church are in a state of evolution.
Gaudium
et spes
# 91:
"In
view of the enormous diversities of conditions and human cultures in the
world, what is proposed here is in many sections deliberately general in
tone; in fact, although it expresses the received doctrine of the Church,
yet, dealing as it often does with matters in a constant state of evolution,
it must be pursued and expounded further."[127]
This is one
of the most important statements in Vatican II.
It identifies what is really going on in this heretical council.
It tells us that "although" the Church expresses
the received doctrine of the Church - clearly implying that there is something
more than just the received doctrine of the Church going on here - it
also deals with matters in a state of evolution.
In other words, the Church expresses a combination of the received
doctrine and evolved doctrine. This
is what is known as the "evolution of dogma," which was solemnly
condemned by Pope Pius X in Pascendi.
Those who believe in this heresy of the "evolution of dogma"
do not possess the true faith and must be converted if they desire to be
saved.
Pope
Pius X, Pascendi Dominic Gregis
(# 26), Sept. 8, 1907, On the doctrine of the Modernists: "To the
laws of evolution everything is subject - dogma, Church, worship, the Books
we revere as sacred, even faith itself, and the penalty of disobedience
is death. The enunciation
of this principle will not astonish anybody who bears in mind what the
Modernists have had to say about each of these subjects."[128]
Besides this, Gaudium et Spes
teaches that birth control is virtuous.
Gaudium
et spes
# 51:
"The
council is aware that in living their married life harmoniously, couples
can often be restricted by modern living conditions and find themselves
in circumstances in which the number of children cannot be increased,
at least for a time, and the constant expression of love and the full sharing
of life are maintained only with difficulty."[129]
Gaudium
et Spes
# 52:
"Those
who are learned in the sciences, especially in the biological, medical,
social and psychological fields, can be of considerable service to the
good of marriage and the family, and to the peace of conscience, if they
collaborate in trying to throw more light on the various conditions which
favor the virtuous control of procreation."[130]
Gaudium
et Spes
# 87:
"For,
according to the inalienable human right to marriage and parenthood, the
decision about the number of children to have lies with the right judgment
of the parents,
and cannot in any way be entrusted to the judgment of public authority...
In exploring methods to help couples regulate the number of their children,
appropriate information should be given on scientific advances that are
well proven and are found to be in accordance with the moral order."[131]
Here we have Vatican II teaching that birth control can be virtuous
and that couples can choose the number of children that are to be born.
This is contrary to the natural law.
God is the author of life.
No human being is permitted to infringe upon God's will to bring
new life into the world by controlling birth or limiting his family.
Birth control is never allowed, regardless of whether it is performed
by so-called "natural" or artificial methods.
Pope Pius XI, Casti
Connubii (# 55):
"As
Pope Pius XI, Casti
Connubii (# 56):
"...
the Catholic Church, to whom God has entrusted the defense of the integrity
and purity of morals, standing erect in the midst of the moral ruin which
surrounds her, in order that she may preserve the chastity of the nuptial
union from being defiled by this foul stain, raises her voice in
token of her divine ambassadorship and through Our mouth proclaims anew:
any use whatsoever of matrimony exercised in such a way that the act
is deliberately frustrated in its natural power to generate life is an
offence against the law of God and of nature, and those who indulge in
such are branded with the guilt of a grave sin."[133]
Family
Planning must be supernatural - it must be controlled by God, not man.
For man to assert that he will choose the number of children he
wants to have, is the utmost arrogance and a grave insult to the Creator.
Man should not be worried about whether or not God will send him a child.
God will send one if it is in His will. And He will not send more
than anyone can handle. "Seek
first the
To prevent a conception by design (as Pius XI says) - no matter
how it is deliberately prevented -
is a sin, a lack of faith, and a circumvention of God's will.
It is not a virtue, despite what Vatican II says.
In fact, in Humanae Vitae, Pope
Paul VI himself admitted that so-called natural family planning is birth
control.
Pope
Paul VI, Humanae Vitae (# 16),
"...
the Church teaches that married people may then take advantage of the natural
cycles immanent in the reproductive system and engage in marital intercourse
only during those times that are infertile, thus controlling
birth in a way which does not in the least offend the moral principles
which We have just explained."[134]
To control birth, by deliberately restricting the marriage act exclusively
to the infertile periods - as in Natural Family Planning - is nothing other
than to frustrate the primary purpose of the marriage act,
conception.
Pope Pius XI, Casti
Connubii (# 54),
"But no reason,
however grave, may be put forward by which anything intrinsically against
nature may become conformable to nature and morally good.
Since, therefore, the conjugal act is destined primarily by nature
for the begetting of children, those who in exercising it deliberately
frustrate its natural powers and purpose sin against nature
and commit a deed which is shameful and instrinsically
vicious."[135]
We
can see that Pius XI condemns the frustration not only of the power, but
also of the primary purpose of the marriage act.
This is an important point; for Natural Family Planning designedly
frustrates the primary purpose of the marriage
act - as even Paul VI admits - and is therefore intrinsically vicious (Pius
XI).
Moving on, we must cover Vatican II's
adoration of man.
Gaudium
et Spes
# 26:
"There is also
increasing awareness of the exceptional dignity which belongs to the human
person, who is superior to everything and whose rights and duties
are universal and inviolable."[136]
Gaudium
et Spes
# 12:
"According
to the almost unanimous opinion of believers and unbelievers alike, all
things on earth should be related to man as their center and crown."[137]
This is blasphemy. There
is no other word to describe it.
If all things on earth should be related to man as their center
and crown, this means that everything should be measured by man's law,
not God's. This means that
man is actually God, for all intents and purposes - everything is to be
related to him. Man has been
put in the place of God.
Gaudium
et Spes # 24:
"This
is why the first and greatest commandment is love of God and of neighbor."
Hold on a second. The
first and greatest commandment is not love of God and of neighbor.
The first and greatest commandment is love of God.
Mark
"And
Jesus answered him: The first commandment of all is, 'Hear, O Israel: the
Lord thy God is one God. And
thou shalt love the Lord thy God, with thy
whole heart, and with thy whole soul, and with thy whole mind, and with
thy whole strength. This
is the first commandment.
And the second is like to it: Thou shalt
love thy neighbor as thyself."
The first commandment, as it is summarized by Our Lord, is love
of God. The second is love
of neighbor as thyself. Vatican
II says that the first and greatest commandment is love of God and neighbor,
which is contrary to a truth revealed in sacred scripture and it is a direct
change of the commandments as Our Lord summarized them; for if the love
of God and of neighbor is the greatest commandment, this means that love
of God and neighbor is one and the same, which is to say man and God are
one and the same.
There are many other errors in the documents of Vatican II. However, what is exposed above should be enough to convince anyone of good will that no Catholic can accept this heretical Council without comprimising the the faith. And it is not sufficient merely to resist the heresies of Vatican II; one must entirely condemn it and expose its errors.
Endnotes
*
In accordance with standard English practice, the first time any source
is cited in these endnotes, its complete information is given, including
publisher, year, etc. The
second and following times a given source is cited only the title and page
number are given.
*
L'Osservatore Romano
is the official newspaper of the
[1]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Sheed
& Ward and
[2]
L'Osservatore Romano - CD-Rom Version,
by Harmony Media Inc., Gervais, OR, 1996-1998,
Homily,
[3]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 912.
[4]
L'Osservatore Romano, Italian edition,
[5]
Denzinger, The Sources of Catholic Dogma,
B. Herder Book.
[6]
The Papal Encyclicals, by Claudia Carlen,
[7]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 910
[9]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 910.
[10]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 2 (1878-1903), p. 395.
[11]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 3 (1903-1939), pp. 121-122.
[12]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, p. 578; Denzinger
714.
[13]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 912.
[14]
The Encyclicals of John Paul II,
[15]
The Encyclicals of John Paul II, p. 965.
[18]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, pp. 915-916.
[19]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, p. 113.
[21]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 910.
[22]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, p. 31.
[23]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, p. 233.
[25]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 916.
[26]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 3 (1903-1939), p. 315.
[27]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 914.
[28]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 3 (1903-1939), p. 315.
[29]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 907.
[31]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, p. 578; Denzinger
714.
[32]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 222.
[33]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 256.
[34]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 364.
[35]
L'Osservatore Romano - CD-Rom Version,
General Audience,
[36]
The Encyclicals of John Paul II, p. 950.
[37]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 907.
[38]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 201.
[39]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, p. 74.
[40]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 907.
[41]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 866.
[42]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 2 (1878-1903), p. 400.
[44]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 231.
[45]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 230.
[47]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 861.
[49]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 860.
[50]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 364.
[51]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 184.
[52]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 2 (1878-1903), p. 399.
[53]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, pp. 860-861.
[55]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1002.
[56]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1003.
[59]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1004.
[60]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 2 (1878-1903), pp. 175-176.
[62]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 271.
[63]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1004.
[64]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 238.
[65]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 2 (1878-1903), p. 180.
[66]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 2 (1878-1903), p. 114.
[67]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1015.
[70]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1019.
[71]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1035.
[72]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, pp. 605-606.
[73]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 969.
[75]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, p. 479.
[76]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, p. 380.
[77]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), pp. 49-50.
[78]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 970.
[79]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 970.
[80]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 43.
[81]
The
[83]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 969.
[84]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 969.
[85]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 3 (1903-1939), pp. 313-314.
[86]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 280.
[87]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, p. 578.
[88]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 1 (1740-1878), p. 229.
[89]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 833.
[90]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 833.
[91]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 833.
[92]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 833.
[93]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 834.
[94]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 834.
[95]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 834.
[96]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 834.
[97]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 835.
[98]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 835.
[99]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 836.
[100]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 836.
[101]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 838.
[102]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 838.
[103]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 828.
[104]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 829.
[105]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 3 (1903-1939), p. 83.
[106]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 827.
[107]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 831.
[109]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 827.
[110]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 828.
[111]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, p. 328.
[112]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, p. 378.
[113]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 841.
[114]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 737.
[115]
Pope St. Pius V, Quo Primum,
[117]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1082.
[118]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 5 (1958-1981), p. 255.
[119]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 5 (1958-1981), p. 255.
[120]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 1, p. 576.
[121]
Denzinger 2195; The Papal Encyclicals,
Vol. 3 (1903-1939), p. 274.
[122]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 2 (1878-1903), p. 391.
[123]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1109.
[125]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 685.
[127]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1134.
[128]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 3 (1903-1939), p. 82.
[129]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, pp. 1103-1104.
[130]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1105.
[131]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1132.
[132]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 3 (1903-1939), p. 399.
[133]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 3 (1903-1939), pp. 399-400.
[134]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 5, p. 227.
[135]
The Papal Encyclicals, Vol. 3 (1903-1939), p. 399.
[136]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1085.
[137]
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, Vol. 2, p. 1075.
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